Threat of Substitutes
A threat from substitutes exists if there are alternative products with lower prices of better performance parameters for the same purpose. They could potentially attract a significant proportion of market volume and hence reduce the potential sales volume for existing players. This category also relates to complementary products. Similarly to the threat of new entrants, the treat of substitutes is determined by factors like
· Brand loyalty of customers,
· Close customer relationships,
· Switching costs for customers,
· The relative price for performance of substitutes,
· Current trends.

posted by Abd ur Rehman